王者体育quanqiujiaoyuruhekuayueshuzihonggou
来源 :中国教育报 访问次数 : 发布时间 :2020-05-15
“总体看来,大规模进行在线教育实验、引入创新性教育教学法、提高学生学习的自主性和自我掌控的空间等,都是此次疫情给教育体系带来的意想不到的积极影响。”视觉中国 供图
suizhexinguanfeiyanyiqingzaiquanqiumanyan,shijierenminzhengzaijingliyichanggonggongweishengweiji。youyuyiqingfangkongdexuyao,geguozhengfufenfencaiqulexianzhirenmenchuxingheshejiaodengfeiyaowuganyucuoshi。jiezhimuqian,quanqiuyiyou188geguojiatingke,shuyimingertongjiqingshaoniandefuzhishoudaoyanzhongyingxiang。zhangdashuyuedexuexiaoguanbiduijiaoyutixidailaileqiansuoweiyoudechongjiyutiaozhan。
jinqi,jingjihezuoyufazhanzuzhi(oecd,yixiajianchengjinghezuzhi)lianhelequanqiu98geguojiade330mingjiaoyuzhengcezhidingzhehezhimingjiaoyuzhikurenyuan,kaizhanleyixiangzhizailejiequanqiujiaoyutixiruheyingduidangxiayiqingdedaxingdiaoyan,bingjiehejinqifabudezuixinyilunguojixueshengpingguxiangmu(pisa2018)shujujieguo,duixuesheng、jiaoshihexuexiaodeyingduinenglijinxingpingjiayufansi。
挑战
数字鸿沟或加剧教育不公平
jinghezuzhidiaochaxianshi,geguojiaoyutixizuidanyoudeshiyouyuzishenyingduinenglidequeweihuobuzudaozhishuzihonggoujiajujiaoyudebugongping。83.9%deshoufangzhebiaoshiruhequebaoyiqingqijianxueshengxueyedelianxuxingyijiduiquefaxuexizizhunenglidexueshengtigongzhichi,shigeguojiaoyutixidangqianzuishouyaoyingduideyiti。ruguojiaoyutixiwufahuobunengjiaohaodiyingduiyouyutingxueerjixueshengzaixueyeshangzaochengdefumianyingxiang,neimeshehuijingjichuyubulichujingdexuesheng、xueyexingquhechengjiudongjibuqiangdexueshengyijiwufashiyingzizhuxuexidexuesheng,doujianglunweizheichangyiqingzhongzaoshouchongjizuiyanzhonghezuicuiruodequnti。xueshengsuochujiatingdehuanjing、suojiuduxuexiaodeyingduinengliyijizishendekangnixing,douzaibuduanjiajuzhejiaoyujihuidebugongping。qici,shoufangzhehaibiaoshi,xuyaogaoduzhongshixueshengdeqingganhexinlijiankang,youqishiduijiatingtiaojianbulidehaizi,zaijiawufadedaofumudexixinzhaoliaoqiemeiyoushushidexuexihuanjing,neimejiaoshiyingmiqieyuxueshengjiazhanggoutong,xiangyoukunnandexueshengtigonggebiehuadezhichiyuzhidao。
原因
高质量在线学习环境差异较大
王者体育 diaochafaxian,shuzihonggouzhuyaocunzaiyuxueshenggeti。shijishang,xuexiaozaiwangluolianjie、diannaojisuannenglihedaikuantiaojianshangdechayibingbuda,erzaizhichengxueshenggaozhiliangzaixianxuexidehuanjingchayijiaoda。77.8%deshoufangzhebiaoshi,jishusheshiyuhuanjingshimuqianpengdaodezuiduodezhangai。jinghezuzhitongguo2018guojixueshengpinggushujujinyibuzhengshi,zaijinghezuzhichengyuanfangzhong,pingjun9%de15suixueshengzaijiameiyouanjingxuexidedifang。erzaiyindunixiya、feilvbinhetaiguo,gaibilichaoguo30%。gengweiyanjundeshi,liruzaimeiguo,jihusuoyouzaishehuijingjitiaojianyoulixuexiaojiududexueshengzaijiadouyoudiannaoyongyuxuexi,danzaiboruoxuexiaobudao3/4dexueshengjubeizheiyangdexuexitiaojian。zaizhongguosidi(beijing、shanghai、jiangsu、zhejiang),pingjun74%dexueshengzaijiayoudiannaoyongyuxuexi,gaibilixianzhediyujinghezuzhipingjunzhi(89%),qiezaiboruoxuexiaodexueshengzhongzhiyoubudao2/3dexueshengjubeitiaojian。ciwai,zhideyinqiguanzhudeshi,xueshengzairenzhinenglishangnengfoushengrenxinxihaohandezaixianxuexi。zaijinghezuzhichengyuanfangzhong,pingjun9mingxueshengzhongjiuyou1mingxueshengwufatongguoneironghexinxiqufenchushishiyuguandian。
支持
教育系统是否具备专业能力
chulejishusheshijihuanjingdetiaozhanzhiwai,geguoxuexiaoxitongzaizhuanyenenglihezhichishangshifouzuohaoleyongbaoquanqiushuzihuaxuexidezhunbei?diaoyanfaxian,zaijiaoshizhuanyezhunbeihenenglizhichishang,zhongguo、xinjiapoxiangduitiaojianchongfen,ershoudaoyiqingyingxiangyanzhongdeqitazhuyaoguojia,baokuoriben、xibanya、faguo、deguodengxuexiaoxitongshangweizuohaoyingduidaguimozaixianjiaoyudezhunbei。90%dezhongguosidi(beijing、shanghai、jiangsu、zhejiang)hexinjiapode15suixueshengsuozaixuexiaodexiaozhangrenwei,jiaoshijubeiyunyongshuzihuajinxingjiaoxuedejibenjishujijiaoyujiaoxuenengli,erriben、faguo、yidali、deguohexibanyadegaixiangbilijundiyujinghezuzhipingjunzhi(65%);tongyang,90%jiyishangdezhongguosidihexinjiapo15suixueshengsuozaixuexiaojiaoshiyouchongzudeshijianyunyongshuzihuashebeijinxingjiaoxuezhunbei(baokuobeike、zhizuokejian),eryidali、hanguo、deguo、xibanyaheribendegaixiangbilijunxianzhediyujinghezuzhipingjunzhi(61%)。90%jiyishangzhongguosidihexinjiapo15suixueshengsuozaixuexiaoweibangzhujiaoshishiyongshuzihuashebeitigongleyouxiaodexuexiziyuanhuopeibeilezhuanyefuzhurenyuan,eryingguo、hanguo、xibanya、deguoheribengaixiangbilijundiyujinghezuzhipingjunzhi(65%)。zhidezhuyideshi,95%jiyishangdezhongguosidihexinjiapo15suixueshengsuozaixuexiaoyidajianleyouxiaodezaixianxuexipingtai,eryidali、faguo、eluosi、deguo、ribengaixiangbilijundiyujinghezuzhipingjunzhi(54%)。
反思
危机中的教师角色与学校功能
zaiyiqingbaofazhiqian,zaixianjiaoyuhaijinjinbeizuoweifuzhuxiaowaixuexidefangshihuozhicunzaiyuduiweilaijiaoyutujingdemiaohuizhizhong。raner,dangxiazaixianxuexiyanranyichengweijiaoyudeshengmingxian。geguojiaoyuzhengcezhidingzhepubianrenwei,zaixianxuexiwufawanquanqudaixuexiaojiaoyudeshehuigongnenghejiaoshidejiaose,bingqiexueshengyewufajincongjishuzhonghuoyi。diaochajieguoxianshi,chulezaijishusheshihehuanjingshangdetiaozhanzhiwai,guanxinyiqingqijianxueshenghejiaoshideshenxinjiankang,youqishixueshengdeqingganjijiazhiguanjiaoyushishoufangzherenweijiaoyutixixuyaoyouxiankaolvdeyiti。shouxian,xueshengdeshenxinjiankangyuzhangshijiandewangshanghuodong(xuexihuoshejiao)cunzaicixiaobizhangdeguanxi。xuexiaoxuduixueshengjiazhangzaixueshenganquanyuhelishiyongshuzihuagongjuheshejiaomeitifangmiantigongzhidaoyujianyi。qici,zaiweijiqijian,xueshenggengxuyaoganshoudaozijibushigulidegeti,renyurenzhijianxuyaoxianghulianxiyuguanxin。yinci,baogaojianyi,jishizaiteshushiqi,rengranxuyaojianlirenjijiaowangde“xinchangtai”huojizhilaixiaochuxueshenghejiaoshidejiaolvyuguofenkongju。zaiqici,jiaoshidejiaosebuhuibeijishuhuoqudai。shoufangzhepubianrenwei,qiaqiaxiangfandeshi,zaiteshushiqirenmenduijiaoshidejiaoseqidaihuigenggao,congyuanyouzhishideguanshuzhezhuanbianweizhishidechuangzaozhe、pingjiazhehecujinzhe。
zongtikanlai,bencidiaochazhong80%deshoufangzhezaijijikandaiciciyiqingweijiduijiaoyutixitichudetiaozhan。dabufendejiaoyuzhengcezhidingzheheyanjiurenyuandoujiangweijikanzuotuijinjiaoyubiangedeqiangxinji。tamenrenwei,daguimojinxingzaixianjiaoyushiyan、yinruchuangxinxingjiaoyujiaoxuefa、tigaoxueshengxuexidezizhuxingheziwozhangkongdekongjiandeng,doushiciciyiqingjijiaoyutixidailaideyixiangbudaodejijiyingxiang。yongbaoshijiedebuquedingxing,cujinjiaoyubiangebingqiejishizaiyiqingweijiguohourengrannengliuzhudangxiajiaoyutixidechuangzaolihehuoli,shidabufenjiaoyugaigejianxingzhedegongtongxinyuan。